A Sampling of Earlier MMI Launch Vehicle Concepts

1995 TSTO Space Van
(4200 kg payload or 16 passengers; 350 tonne gross with 86 tonne orbiter; both stages piloted)

1982 Air Launched Space Van

Modified 747 carrier aircraft
Orbiter gross mass: 64 tonnes
Orbiter-mode payload: 300 kg
Booster-mode payload payload
with semi-expendable upper
stage: 3000 kg
Piloted

1971 HTOL Assisted SSTO: "Windjammer"

Assisted single-stage-to-orbit
with either a ground sled or a
"flyable sled"
1000 tonne gross mass
15,000 kg payload
Piloted

1967 VTHL Assisted SSTO (picture not available)

1100 tonne gross; 15,000 kg payload
Rocketdyne aerospike main engine derived from J-2 turbomachinery
Six Rocketdyne H-1 takeoff assist engines (dropped at launch site)

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1995 TSTO Space Van (4200 kg payload or 16 passengers; 350 tonne gross with 86 tonne orbiter; both stages piloted)
1982 Air Launched Space Van	Modified 747 carrier aircraft Orbiter gross mass: 64 tonnes Orbiter-mode payload: 300 kg Booster-mode payload payload with semi-expendable upper stage: 3000 kg Piloted
1971 HTOL Assisted SSTO: "Windjammer"	Assisted single-stage-to-orbit with either a ground sled or a "flyable sled" 1000 tonne gross mass 15,000 kg payload Piloted
1967 VTHL Assisted SSTO (picture not available) 1100 tonne gross; 15,000 kg payload Rocketdyne aerospike main engine derived from J-2 turbomachinery Six Rocketdyne H-1 takeoff assist engines (dropped at launch site)